Teaching
and learning activities use the medium of instruction is replaced by
the term as a tool of view - hearing, teaching materials, communication
point of view heard, education props of view, technology education,
props, and media descriptors
(Arsyad, 2003). But
from some of the terms of media education has limitations therein
include: (1) media education has a physical sense known as hardware, (2)
the medium of education that have non-physical sense, known as
software, (3) an emphasis on the visual and media education audio, (4) media education has a sense of aids in the learning process
both inside and outside the classroom, educational media used in the
communication and interaction of teachers and students in the learning
process.The
following will explain about, (a) traits - traits educational media,
(b) selecting instructional media (mediated teaching), and (c) the
benefits and functions of instructional media. The elaboration as follows:1. Characteristics - traits Media EducationAccording
to Gerlach and Ely (1971) there are three characteristics of the media
is an indication why the media is used and what - what can be done by
the media that the teacher may not be able to do so. Traits - traits include: (a) the characteristics of the fixative, (b) manipulative traits, and (c) distributive characteristics.a. Feature fixatives (fixative Property)These characteristics mengmedia pengajarankan ability to record media, store, preserve, and reconstruct an event or object. With this fixative characteristics, media allows a recording of events
or objects that occur at a particular time are transported without
knowing the time.This
characteristic is very important for teachers because of events -
events have been recorded with the existing media formats can be used at
any time. Similarly, student activities can be recorded and then analyzed and
criticized by the students either individually or peer group.b. Feature manipulatives (Manipulative Property)Transformation of an event or object is possible because the media has a manipulative traits. Incident that took days - days, can be presented to students in two or
three minutes with the media retrieval techniques of teaching time -
lapse recording.Media
capabilities of manipulative traits requires attention really - really
because if there is an error in the rearrangement of the sequence of
events or cutting parts - part one, there will be also an error of
interpretation which of course would be confusing and even misleading so
as to change their attitude towards which is not desirable.c. Distributive Characteristics (Distributive Property)This characteristic allows an object or event is transported through
space, at the same time the incident served to a large number of
students with the same stimulus relative experience regarding this
incident.Once the information is recorded in any media format, the information
can be reproduced several times and ready to be used simultaneously in
different places or used repeatedly - again somewhere.2. How to Select Media Teaching?Some criteria for the selection of media is part of the overall instructional system. For that there are several criteria that should be considered in selecting the media. Among them:a. In accordance with the objectives to be achievedMedia
are selected based on predetermined objectives instrukstional which
generally refers to one or a combination of two or three cognitive,
affective, and psychomotor. This
objective can be in the medium of instruction in the form of work to be
done or performed by students, such as memorizing, doing activities
that involve physical activity or use of principles such as cause and
effect, perform tasks that involve understanding the concepts or
relationships change, and tasks that involve thinking at a higher level.b. Right to support lesson content that are facts, concepts, principles or generalisaiDifferent
media, such as movies and graphics require different symbols and codes,
and therefore requires a process and different mental skills to
understand. In
order to help the learning process effectively, the media must be in
harmony and in accordance with the needs of the learning task and mental
abilities of students. Television, for example, the right to demonstrate and transformation processes that require manipulation of space and time.c. Practical, flexible, and surviveIf not available time, money, or other resources to produce, do not need to be forced. Media are expensive and take a long time to produce it is not a guarantee as the best media. These criteria lead teachers / instructors to choose the media that there are easily available, or easily made by the teacher. Selected media should be used wherever and whenever with the equipment
available in the vicinity, as well as easily removed and taken to where
- where.d. Skilled teachers useThis is one of the main criteria. Whatever the medium, the teacher should be able to use them in the learning process. The value and benefits of the media is determined by the teachers who use it. Transparency projector (OHP), projector slides and films, computers,
and other advanced equipment would not have any meaning - what if the
teacher can not be used in the development of the learning process as an
effort to enhance the quality and learning outcomes.e. Grouping targetEffective medium to large groups are not necessarily equally effective when used in small groups or individuals. There is an appropriate medium for the type of large group, the group is, small groups and individuals.f. Technical qualityVisual development of both the medium of instruction and photograph must meet certain technical requirements. For example, a visual on the slide should be clear and to be conveyed
should not be distracted by other elements that form the background.3. Benefits and Function Media EducationEducational
media used in teaching and learning activities have benefits and
functions in the effort to achieve optimal learning results. The benefits and functions of teaching media can be explained as follows:a. Benefits of Media EducationAccording Sudjana & Rival (1992), some of the benefits of the medium of instruction in the student's learning process. Among
them, (1) teaching will attract more attention so as to motivate
students to learn, (2) teaching materials will be vague so that it can
be understood by students and enable them to master and achieve teaching
objectives, (3) methods will be more varied, not only -
Eye verbal communication through the narrative of words - said by the
teacher, so that students do not get bored and teachers do not run out
of steam, especially if teachers teach at any school hours, and (4) the
students can more learning activities sesbab not just listen to the
description of teachers, but also other activities such as observing, doing, demonstrate, plays, and so on.The
opinion Similar submitted by the Encyclopedia of Educational Research,
quoted by Hamalik (1994), which details the benefits of educational
media. Among
them, (1) laid the foundation concrete to think, therefore reducing
verbal, (2) increase the students' attention, (3) laid the foundation -
an important basis for the development of the study, therefore, makes
the lesson more steady, (4 )
gives a real experience that can grow their own business activities
among students, (5) regular foster thinking and continue - especially
through the media constantly teaching life, (6) to help the growth of
understanding that can help the development of language skills, and (7)
provide experience which is not easily obtained in any other way, and help the efficiency and the performance that much more to learn.From some of these opinions, it can be concluded that the benefits of
the use of Media Teaching Islamic Education in the learning process is
as follows:1) Media instruction can clarify the presentation and information so
as to facilitate and enhance the learning process and results.2) The media can improve the teaching and directing the attention of
the child so as to cause the motivation to learn, more direct
interaction between students and their environment, and allows students
to learn on their own according to their ability and interest.3)
Media teaching can overcome the limitations of the senses, space and
time: (a) the object or objects too large display, can be replaced with a
medium of instruction, slides, and models, (b) the object or objects
that are too small can be displayed with the medium of instruction,
slide ,
and the model, (c) the events that have taken place in the past can be
displayed via video recordings, slides in addition to verbal, (d)
complex objects can be shown concretely through the medium of
instruction, slide and others - others, (e) events which may harm can be simulated via computer media, and (f) natural events can be presented through film, video, slides, and so on.4) The media can provide a common experience teaching students calm events - events in their environment.b. Function Media EducationAccording
to Kemp and Dayton (1985) medium of instruction to meet the three main
functions of the media when it is used for individuals, groups, or
groups of large numbers, namely (a) motivate interest and action, (b)
presenting information, and (c) give instructions .To fulfill the function of motivation, teaching media can be realized by using drama or entertainment. The expected result is a rebirth of interest and stimulate the students to act. Achievement of this goal will affect the attitudes, values, and emotions.The
purpose of information, meaning that the medium of instruction can be
used in order to present the information in front of a group of
students. This presentation can also form of entertainment, dram, or motivational techniques. Participation is expected of students is limited to the approval or disapproval to them mentally, and vice versa.The
media serves as a medium of instruction, where the information
contained in the media should engage students both of mind or mental and
tangible forms of activity so that learning can take place. In
addition to the fun, the medium of instruction should be able to
provide an enjoyable experience and meet the individual needs of
students. This is confirmed by Dale (1969) with cone experience.Coat wordCoat VisualSilent teaching media / Radio RecordingPermanent Life teaching mediaTelevisionField tripDramatizationArtificial Objects / ObservationDirect observationBasic
cone development is not the level of difficulty, but the level of
abstraction, the number of types of senses that participated during the
reception teaching content or message. Direct experience will give the impression of the most intact and the
most meaningful of information and ideas contained in the experience
because it involves the senses of sight, hearing, taste, smell, and
touch, which is known as learning by doing.4. Based Visual MediaVisualization of messages, information, or concepts to be conveyed to the student can be developed in various forms. One is in the form of teaching media. If
observing the teaching materials in the form of medium of instruction,
will find ideas for designing visual materials relating to the
arrangement of elements - visual elements that will be displayed. Order of elements - elements that must be able to show visually
appealing and clearly understandable, and attract attention so as to
convey a message that is desired by the user.There are several things that must be considered in the process of
structuring the teaching of media visualization, among others, (a)
simplicity, (b) integration, (c) suppression, and (d) the balance.a. SimplicitySubmission
of visuals through the medium of instruction, should be easier for
students to understand the purpose and content contained within the
visual. Shape concise sentences, but solid and clear, and easy to understand.b. The integrationThe integration refers to the relationship between elements - visual elements were observed. The elements must be interrelated and integrated as a whole so that
visually it is a holistic form which can be known and may help the
understanding of the message and the information it contains.c. SuppressionAlthough
the visual presentation is designed as simple as possible, often the
concept that want presented require suppression of one of the elements
that will be the center of attention of students. By using sizes, relationships, perspective, color, or the suppression chamber may be given to the most important element.d. BalanceShape and pattern of the selected should occupy the space of views
which gives the perception of balance though not entirely symmetrical.On
the basis of the visual media, teaching and learning activities
undertaken by the students of Class X - D SMA 6 Madiun, very precise
when the teacher in delivering learning materials through the medium of
media teaching. Because the media mediated instruction, students of Class X - D SMA 6
Madiun were generally not fluent and write, then the teachers use
visual, verbal at least can help eliminate existing on the students of
Class X - D SMA 6 Madiun.B. Study Results About Interest in LearningInterest is closely related to feelings of individuals, objects, and activities. There are two points to consider relation to interest, namely: interest as encouragement and interest as needed. Interest is the trend in which a person has the attention to something and with a desire to know and learn and prove further. Interest
in learning is an impulse or desire of the individual in this case the
students, in an effort to achieve the learning outcomes that do. Generating interest on student learning than done when the learning
process only emphasizes the unit - unit curriculum, grade promotion
system, examination system, which prioritizes continuity and deepening
of the study (Sukmadinata, 2001).No student interest in learning on a temporary (short-term) and irreversible (long-term). Some
things that can be made to arouse students' interest in settling
(long-term), namely, the selection of teaching materials meant for
children, creating learning activities that can generate the urge to
find, translate learning materials in accordance with the level of
development of students, and the material presented in the form active students, many children are involved in the learning process.Interest in learning is always closely related to motivation. This
is confirmed by Hamalik (2002) which says that motivate learning is
important in the learning process of students, because the functions
that drive, move, and directing learning activities. Therefore, the principle - the principle of actuating the motivation to learn is closely related to student interest itself.In connection with the interest in learning, it can be said if the
teaching and learning activities that are pleasant conditions, then the
student will be happy to continue learning when teaching conditions can
thus be ensured that the interest in learning to increase as well.There
are several ways that teachers can do to please the teaching process,
including: (1) avoid the repetition of things - things that are known,
(2) physical atmosphere of the class do not be boring, (3) avoid
frustration that occurs due to classroom situations, (4) avoid classroom atmosphere that is both emotionally as a result of personal
contact, (5) prepare a challenging task, (6) give the knowledge of the
results achieved by students, and (7) give the gift / praise of the work
done by the students.Teachers can use a variety of ways to move or raise students' motivation to learn, is as follows: (a) provide figures. Generally, every student wants to know the results of his work, which is a number that is given by the teacher. Students
who obtained good numbers, will encourage learning motivation be great,
otherwise students who obtained less numbers, may cause frustration or
can also be a driving force in order to learn better, (b) Praise. Giving praise to students on things - things that have been done with great success as a spur learning benefits. Praise creates a feeling satisfied and happy, (c) Prize. This
method can also be done by teachers within limits - a certain extent,
for example, the gift at the end of the year to students who receive or
show good learning outcomes, providing prizes for the winners of the
contest or sporting events, (d) Working Group. In
the focus groups where cooperation in learning, each member of the
group turutnya, sometimes - sometimes feelings to maintain the good name
of the group into a powerful driving in the act of learning, and (e)
Competition. Both working groups and competition provide motive - social motive to students. Only individual competition will lead to bad influences, such as: the
destruction of friendship, fights, conflicts, competition between study
groups.C. Study Results About Subjects Islamic EducationReligion has a very important role in the life of mankind. Religion as a guide in efforts to achieve a meaningful life, peace and dignity. Recognizing the importance of the role of religion for human life, the
internalization of values - the value of religion in the life of
every person becomes a necessity, taken through good education education
in the family, school and community.Religious
education intended to enhance the spiritual potential and forming
students to become a man of faith and fear of God Almighty and noble. Noble character includes ethics, manners, and morals as a manifestation of religious education. Increased
spiritual potential include practice, understanding, and instill values
- religious values, as well as the practice of values - the values
in individual or collective social life. Increasing the spiritual potential ultimately aims at optimizing the
potential of the human variety that reflects the dignity and status
actualization as a creature of God.Islamic
education is given to follow the demands that religion be taught to man
with the vision to realize that humans fear of Allah and noble, and
aims to produce a human being honest, fair, and well-mannered, ethical,
respectful, disciplined, harmonious and productive , both personal and social. This vision led to the development demands of the standard
competencies in accordance with the level of schooling nationally
characterized by traits - traits:1. More emphasize the achievement of competence in their entirety in addition to mastery of the material;2. Accommodate diversity of needs and educational resources are available;3. Provide greater freedom to educators in the field to develop
strategies and learning programs according to the needs and the
availability of educational resources.Islamic
education is expected to produce a man who is always working to improve
the faith, piety, and morals, and actively build civilizations and
harmony of life, particularly in advancing civilization dignified
nation. Such people are expected resilient in the face of challenges,
obstacles, and the changes occurring in the association community, both
in the scope of local, national, regional and global.Educators are expected to develop a learning method in accordance with the standards of competence and basic competences. Achievement of all basic competencies commendable behavior may be irregular. The role of all elements of the school, parents and the community is
very important in supporting the successful achievement of the goals of
Islamic education.Islamic education in high school aims to:1. Develop creed through the provision, fertilization, and development
of knowledge, appreciation, practice, habituation, as well as the
experience of learners about Islam to become a Muslim man who continues
to develop faith and piety to Allah;2. Realizing the Indonesian people who are religious and noble the man
who was knowledgeable, diligent worship, intelligent, productive,
honest, fair, ethical, disciplined, tolerant (tasamuh), maintaining
harmony in personal and social development and develop a culture of
religion in the school community.The scope covers aspects of Islamic Education - the following aspects:1. Al - Quran and Hadith2. Aqidah3. Morals4. Fiqh5. Date and Islamic CultureIslamic Education emphasizes balance, harmony, and harmony between
man's relationship with God, man's relationship with his fellow man,
man's relationship with himself and the human relationship with the
natural surroundings.Islamic
Education subjects referred to in this action research, is the subject
of Islamic Education for Class X - D SMA 6 Madiun, which focused on the
subject discussed or studied using the technique of Use Media Teaching,
namely Basic Competence About Faith the angel, the following indicators:1. Describe the sign - a sign of faith in Angel2. Display example faith behavior Angels3. Displays behavior as a reflection of faith in Angels in daily life - today.
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